OSI Reference Model

L7 : 응용(Application) 계층 -> HTTP/FTP 프로토콜 통신
...
L2 : Data Link 계층
L1 : 물리(Physical) 계층

- 낮은 계층 일수록 물리적, 높은 계층 일수록 논리적

TCP/IP 4-layer

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) 7-layer model and the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) model
are both networking models that describe how data is transmitted between devices over a network.

The OSI model consists of seven layers:

1. Physical Layer - Deals with the physical aspects of network communication, such as the electrical and mechanical connections between devices.
2. Data Link Layer - Handles the transmission of data between devices on the same network.
3. Network Layer - Provides routing and addressing services for data packets as they travel across different networks.
4. Transport Layer - Ensures reliable data transmission between end points and manages flow control and error recovery.
5. Session Layer - Establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between applications on different devices.
6. Presentation Layer - Handles the formatting and translation of data between different formats and data structures.
7. Application Layer - Provides network services directly to applications and end users.

On the other hand, the TCP/IP model consists of four layers:

1. Network Access Layer - Defines the protocols and hardware necessary for communication on a specific network.
2. Internet Layer - Handles the addressing and routing of data across multiple networks.
3. Transport Layer - Provides reliable data transmission between applications on different devices.
4. Application Layer - Provides network services directly to applications and end users, including protocols such as HTTP, FTP, and DNS.

In summary, both models provide a framework for understanding how network communication occurs,
with the OSI model being more comprehensive and the TCP/IP model being more widely used in practice.
It's important to note that while these models provide a useful conceptual understanding,
actual network implementations often involve more complex interactions between layers and protocols.